@bori Chronione przez antifę

@bori bo to byl antysemitruck

@Opornik farba się kruszy, stąd MIKROplastik. Mikroplastik znaleziony w wodzie był koloru farby na kapslach.

Nieprzekonany dlaczego? Co w badaniach Cię nie przekonało?

Cytuję:

3.11. Caps contamination The results show that glass containers were more contaminated than other packaging for all beverages except wine, because wine bottles were closed with cork stoppers rather than metal caps. It was noticed that most of the microplastics isolated from glass bottles had the same color as the paint on the outer layer of the cap. FTIR analysis of the paint on the metal cap revealed that it was mainly composed of polyester, like the particles isolated from glass bottles, which mainly belong to the polyester class. Therefore, it was hypothesized that these particles could originate from the cap. First, the inside and outside of the capsules were also observed under binocular magnifying glass before use, and scratches were found on the outer surface, as well as pieces of the capsule paint adsorbed to the inside one (Fig. 3). Fig. 3 Download: Download high-res image (517KB) Download: Download full-size image Fig. 3. Observations of cracks onto the outer face of new capsules (column A) and observations of yellow particles onto the inner face of new capsules (column B & C).

Then experiments were carried out to confirm the potential origin of colored particles within beverages, as well as to purpose a simple method to lower contaminations by caps. It was shown that when the caps were not pre-cleaned, 287.3 ± 81.4 MPs/L were found (Fig. 4). This MPs levels in the bottles significantly decreased (KW p-value < 0.001 - DB p-value < 0.001) when they were blown prior to encapsulation, with 105.8 ± 32.1 MPs/L, and reached to 86.7 ± 42.3 MPs/L when the caps were blown and rinsed beforehand. Interestingly, the analysis of the rinsing solution, water/ethanol/water mixture, contained an average of 47.8 ± 12.6 yellow particles per rinsed cap. Fig. 4 Download: Download high-res image (89KB) Download: Download full-size image Fig. 4. Level of yellow paint particles (MPs/L) observed for the different capsule treatments: sealing with unclean capsules, with blown capsules and blown and rinsed capsules. For each treatment ten repetitions were tested. Stars represent the significant differences (** p-value <0.01; *** p value < 0.001).

Źródłowe badanie: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889157525005344#da0005

Jeszcze to:

4.2. Glass contamination With the exception of wine, the MPs content of glass versus plastic bottles was significantly higher for all beverages (water, cola, tea, lemonade, and beer). Previous research on beverages has shown that various types, including soft drinks, beer, wine, and drinking water, tend to exhibit higher levels of contamination when stored in glass containers (Basaran et al., 2024, Lam et al., 2024, Li et al., 2023, Schymanski et al., 2018, Wang and Wang, 2024). However, other articles indicated that glass contained less MPs than plastic (Kankanige and Babel, 2020). This variability in results across studies can be attributed to differences in sampling between countries. However, no study has established a link between the contamination of glass bottles and the paint used on caps. In this study, the MPs found in the glass bottles corresponded to the color and polymeric composition of the paint on the caps, which are coated with alkyd thermosetting resin or PES/PET-based paint. In addition, encapsulation experiments with new caps and clean bottles filled with water revealed the presence of MP identical to the cap paint in the water. These results demonstrated that cap paint was a source of MP contamination in bottles. Pre-cleaning of new capsules, by blowing them out and rinsing them with water/ethanol/water, has significantly reduced the number of MPs per encapsulated bottle, lowering it by approximately three, compared to untreated capsules. Furthermore, the high concentration of MPs found in the rinse water from these capsules supported the hypothesis that pre-cleaning removed MPs that would have ended up in the liquid. Cleaning seems to be essential and could significantly minimize contamination of the liquid in the bottle by paint particles present in the capsule. Actually, the obtained results indicated that one of the main sources of the contamination was the capsule, probably due to its storage before capping. It is likely that capsules are stored in large quantities packaging, increasing the possibility of abrasion and surface friction when capsules collide. This theory was supported by the discovery of scratches on their surface and pieces of capsules of the same color adsorbed inside of them. The contamination from the paint on the outside of the capsule raises a significant concern, as in addition to the level of microplastic contamination, additives may be present.

@SaucissonBorderline to tak samo w Niemczech idziesz do osiedlowej pizzerii i możesz do ludzi po włosku gadać, bo tam 99% restauracji z włoską kuchnią jest prowadzone przez Włochów

@koszotorobur w końcu OP weźmie się za japoński xD

@Vampiress - państwa osi lubią to