@SunSenMeo There are several key arguments put forth by opponents of the death penalty, each providing a rationale for why capital punishment should not be allowed:
Risk of Wrongful Convictions: Perhaps the most compelling argument against the death penalty is the risk of executing an innocent person. Mistakes are made in all areas of human endeavor, and the justice system is no exception. Once someone is executed, the sentence cannot be reversed.
Human Rights Violation: Many argue that the death penalty violates the most basic human right: the right to life. It's seen by these individuals as a form of cruel and unusual punishment, which is forbidden by the 8th Amendment in the U.S. Constitution and by various international human rights conventions.
Effectiveness in Deterrence: The death penalty has not been proven to be a more effective deterrent of crime than other punishments. If the death penalty does not serve a unique purpose in reducing crime, then it might not be a necessary tool for law enforcement.
Cost: In many jurisdictions, the legal process around death penalty cases is much more costly than life imprisonment. These costs come from the additional legal processes involved in capital cases, including a longer jury selection process, two trials (one for guilt, one for sentencing), and many more chances for appeal.
Discrimination: Statistics in various countries, including the US, indicate that the death penalty is often applied in a discriminatory manner. People of certain races, religions, or socioeconomic statuses are disproportionately sentenced to death, leading to arguments that the system is fundamentally unfair.
Moral Arguments: Many people have religious, philosophical, or ethical beliefs that dictate that taking a human life is inherently wrong, regardless of the actions of the individual in question.
Closure and Rehabilitation: Some argue that the death penalty may not provide closure for victims' families, as the appeals process can be long and retraumatizing. Additionally, it removes any possibility for the offender to rehabilitate and contribute positively to society, even if it's within a prison context.